Examples#

This gallery contains different sample problems to demonstrate toughio pre- and post-processing capabilities.

CO2 leakage along a fault#

The model geometry used in this example is inspired from the paper:

Cappa, Frédéric, and Jonny Rutqvist. “Modeling of Coupled Deformation and Permeability Evolution during Fault Reactivation Induced by Deep Underground Injection of CO2.” International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 5, no. 2 (March 2011): 336–346. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2010.08.005>.

The fault modeled in this sample problem has already been reactivated by increasing the permeability from its original value.

Generate mesh in Python with Gmsh

Generate mesh in Python with Gmsh

Generate MESH and INCON files

Generate MESH and INCON files

Generate model parameters input file

Generate model parameters input file

Import and visualize simulation outputs in PyVista

Import and visualize simulation outputs in PyVista

Heat pipe in cylindrical geometry (EOS3)#

Heat pipes are systems in which an efficient heat transfer takes place by means of a liquid-vapor counterflow process, with vaporization and condensation occurring at the hot and cold ends, respectively. Heat pipe processes occur naturally on a large scale (kilometers) in two-phase geothermal reservoirs, and they may be induced artificially if heat-generating nuclear waste packages are emplaced above the water table in partially saturated geologic formations.

The present problem models such high-level nuclear waste emplacement in an approximate way. This problem corresponds to the sample problem No. 2 of TOUGH2 User Guide.

Generate input files

Generate input files

Plot profiles

Plot profiles

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